Britain's Connection to the Messianic Faith of the Early Hebrew

An angelic being holds the Shen sign representing eternal life over the deceased king.

Dr. Alice C. Linsley


In my first presentation I spoke about the presence of Anglo-Celtic priests in Britain at least as early as 46 A.D., well before Augustine’s 596 arrival to establish a Roman mission in Britain. The planting of the priesthood in England appears to have been the work of members of the Sanhedrin who were followers of Jesus Christ. Joseph Arimathea is a prime example. With this in mind, we should not be surprised that the ordination rules for Anglicans align closely with the Sanhedrin’s ordination rules.

Ossuary of Miriam, granddaughter of the High Priest Joseph Caiaphas.

 

Last week we explored the early Hebrew beliefs concerning the Son of God and their solar symbolism. The 6-prong solar symbol (shown above) that appeared on grave markers and ossuaries indicated hope for life after death. That symbol appeared on the bone boxes of Jewish rulers, including Joseph Caiaphas, the High Priest who condemned Jesus. 

Dispersion of Y-DNA Haplogroup R1b. 

Note the dark spot in the area of Lake Chad, Noah's homeland.

We also considered the DNA evidence for the wide dispersal of the early Hebrew across the Ancient Near East, parts of Europe, and especially Britain, where an estimated 70% of native British men share the same 20,000-year genetic heritage as the early Hebrew, Haplogroup R1b. (See map above.)

Coincidentally, these regions are where we find the distinctive 6-prong solar symbol.

In this presentation I hope to tie these threads together so that we may appreciate the deep roots of our Faith. Indeed, the Messianic Faith that we call “Christianity” is older than all other world religions by thousands of years.

Today we will consider what Genesis tells us about the dispersal of the early Hebrew and look at some of the earliest known Hebrew prayers that speak of their expectation that a Righteous Ruler would overcome death and lead them to immortality. Finally, we will look at the account of Abraham on Mount Moriah to better understand the nature of justification.

Let’s begin with a timeline. The oldest known site of Hebrew worship at Nekhen on the Nile dates to c. 4000 B.C. The oldest known Hebrew texts date to around the same time (4200-4000 B.C.). Abraham lived around 2000 B.C., which means that he had many Hebrew ancestors from whom he received a sacred tradition concerning a ruler-priest of his Hebrew caste who would overcome death and lead his people to immortality. Many of those Hebrew ancestors lived in the Nile Valley and were part of a very advanced ancient civilization.

The names above Asshur and Arpachsad are found in Genesis 10 and the names from Arpachsad and Asshur the Younger to Abraham are found in Genesis 11.

 

Genesis chapter 10 explains that Nimrod was a son of Cush. Cush represents the Nile Valley. Nimrod left the Nile Valley and began to build cities in the land of Shinar in Southern Mesopotamia. He married a daughter of Asshur, a Hebrew ruler in Mesopotamia. She was probably Nimrod’s cousin as suggested by the fact that she named her firstborn son after her father Asshur, a prerogative of the Hebrew cousin brides. The cousin bride’s naming prerogative is a distinctive feature of the marriage and ascendancy pattern of the early Hebrew. We find it earlier in the “begats” of Genesis 4 and 5.

The names Adah, Zillah, and Lamech the Elder appear in Genesis 4. The names Methuselah and Lamech the Younger, his firstborn son by his cousin bride Naamah, appear in Genesis 5.

Horus Names Among the Early Hebrew

Note the royal name Ar-Pacshad (Arpaxad). The "Ar" is likely a shortened Horus name as is suggested by the Nabataean King Harithath IV who bears the Horus name. In 2 Corinthians 11:32 King Harithath is called King Aretas. Horus is the later Greek word for the earlier Proto-Egyptian HR which means “Most High One”. In the ancient world, HR was regarded as the patron of kings.

Note that Abraham was a descendant of both Ham and Shem because their lines intermarried. This is an example of caste endogamy. The Hebrew were a caste of ruler-priests. They were organized into 2 ritual groups (moieties): the Horite Hebrew and the Sethite Hebrew. Some Horite Hebrew chiefs are listed in Genesis 36.

A great deal is known about both groups from texts and prayers that they wrote on the walls of royal tombs in the Nile Valley. Those have been translated and collected in a volume titled “Ancient Pyramid Texts”. Some of the prayers date as early as 6200 years ago. Most date to around 4000 years ago, the time of Abraham.

It is clear in The Ancient Pyramid Texts that the Horites and the Sethites maintained separate settlements. Utterance 308 addresses them as separate: "Hail to you, Horus in the Horite Mounds! Hail to you, Horus in the Sethite Mounds!"

Though separate groups or moieties, the Horite and Sethite Hebrew shared common religious practices and beliefs. They worshiped the same God whose symbol was the Sun, and they served the same king. However, the Horite temples and shrines were more prestigious. Utterance 470 strikes a contrast between the Horite and Sethite mounds and designates the Horite mounds as "the High Mounds."

Figurine of Seth found at Nekhen.

 

The totems of the Sethites and Horites have been found at Nekhen on the Nile, the oldest known site of Horite Hebrew worship (c.4000 B.C.). This figurine of Seth as a red-brown man with the head of a hippo was there. The hippo was the totem of the Sethite Hebrew, and the golden falcon was the totem of the Horite Hebrew.

A gold figure of Horus as a falcon was found at Nekhen. 

Among the early Hebrew green malachite was associated with HR and represented new life and the hope of resurrection. The Egyptian Book of the Dead speaks of how the deceased will become a falcon "whose wings are of green stone" (chapter 77). The Ancient Pyramid Texts speak of Horus as the "Lord of the green stone" (Utterance 301) and the land of the blessed dead is described as the "field of malachite." The prayers of the Nilotic Hebrew are the earliest known resurrection texts.

Note that these prayers are written in hope that the buried king might rise to new life. In his resurrection body he is to restore his settlements and cities, and open the door to the Westerners, Easterners, Northerners and Southerners (Utterance 587). He is to rule over the peoples, restore the former state of blessedness, and unite heaven and earth. The Messianic expectation found in Genesis 3:15 was expressed in Utterance 388 of The Pyramid Texts: "Horus has shattered the mouth of the serpent with the sole of his foot". In the Egyptian Book of the Dead, HR is called the "advocate of his father" (cf. 1 John 2: 1, "If anyone sin, we have an advocate with the Father...).

When seen from this perspective, the faith of the early Hebrew appears to be the foundation of the Messianic hope that is fulfilled in Jesus of Nazareth, a direct descendant of the Hebrew ruler-priests.

The New Testament speaks about Jesus as the firstborn from the grave and by his resurrection He delivers to the Father a "peculiar people." He leads us to the Father where we receive heavenly recognition because we belong to Him. Here we find the language of a royal procession such as this: "When He ascended on high, He led captives in his train, and gave gifts to men.” Paul continues in Ephesians 4:8-10 - "What does “he ascended” mean except that he also descended to the depths of the earth? He who descended is the very one who ascended higher than all the heavens, in order to fill the whole universe."

A Horite Hebrew song found at the royal complex at Ugarit speaks of HR’s descent to the place of the dead "to announce good tidings." The text reads: Hr ešeni timerri duri - "below in the dark netherworld" and has the Hittite phrase Šanizzin ḫalukan ḫalzi - "to announce good tidings". (See Note 2 on page 2012.)

The early Hebrew expected the Righteous Ruler to rise on the third day. Utterance 667 says: "Oh Horus, this hour of the morning, of this third day is come, when thou surely passeth on to heaven, together with the stars, the imperishable stars."

Heavenly recognition for the early Hebrew was never an individual prospect. Heavenly recognition came to the people through the righteousness of the ruler-priest. Some early Hebrew rulers took this seriously and the worst were so earthy minded that they shed much blood enlarging their territories. All failed to be the Ruler-Priest who rose from the dead. None had the power to deliver captives from the grave and to lead them to the Father in heaven (Ps. 68:18; Ps. 7:7; Eph. 4:8). That would be fulfilled by Jesus, the Son of God, and this was revealed to Abraham on Mount Moriah.

Among the early Hebrew, the Son of God was pictured as rising with the sun as a lamb and setting in the west as a ram. As they ascended Mount Moriah, Isaac asked his father "where is the lamb" for the sacrifice? Abraham replied that God would provide the lamb, but God provided a ram instead.

Among the early Hebrew, the Son of God was shown riding with the Father on the celestial Sun boat. The boat of the morning hours was called Mandjet and the boat of the evening hours was called Mesektet. While the Son was on the Mandjet, he was depicted as a lamb. While on the Mesektet, he was a ram. Abraham would have understood the message of the ram provided by God on Mount Moriah, and he believed the promise, and believing, he was justified. We if don’t get hung up on chronological time, which does not pertain to God, we will see that the ground for justification is the same for all people throughout all human existence. Glory to God!

The Son of God was called the “Lamb” in his weaker (kenotic) state, and he was called the “Ram” in his glorified state. The solar arc spoke of the Son’s death and resurrection. This is what Jesus meant when he told the Jews, "Your father Abraham rejoiced to see my day: and he saw it and was glad." (John 8:56)


Related reading: The Ram of God has been Provided; The Hebrew Were a Caste; The Oldest Known Religion; What Abraham Discovered on Mt. Moriah; Solar Symbolism of the Ancient Near East; Funerary Rites and the Hope of Resurrection; Righteous Rulers and the Resurrection; The Religious Symbolism of Green Malachite

Nimrod and the Nile-Indus Connection

 

Dr. Alice C. Linsley

Connections between the early Hebrew of the Ancient Nile Valley and the Ancient Indus Valley are suggested by linguistic studies and archaeology. According to Genesis 10, Nimrod was a Nilote (son of Kush) who built his kingdom in Mesopotamia. He is one of "the mighty men of old" described in Genesis 6. These earliest kingdom builders constructed cities, temples, and fortified high places. They controlled commerce on the major water systems of the ancient world. They migrated out of the Nile Valley in different directions, and they were served by a prestigious caste of priests who became known as Hebrew. In Ancient Akadian this ruler-priest caste was called Abrutu, from the word Abru, meaning priest.

One of the principal cities built by Nimrod was Akkad. The language of his territory was Akkadian, the oldest known Semitic language. The Indian scholar, Malati J. Shendge, concluded that the language of the Harappans of the Indus Valley was Akkadian.

Ajay Pratap Singh has written, "Comparisons of Akkadian and Sanskrit words yielded at least 400 words in both languages with comparable phonetic and semantic similarities. Thus Sanskrit has, in fact, descended from Akkadian."

The Hebrew yasuah and the Sanskrit words asvah, asuah or yasuah, refer to salvation.

The Semitic words svam or samyim and the Sanskrit svah refer to the sky or heavens and resemble the Proto-Dravidian word van, meaning heaven.

The Semitic word wadi and the Sanskrit nadi mean river.

The Hebrew root thr means to be pure. It probably corresponds to the Tamil word tiru, meaning holy, and to the proto-Dravidian tor, meaning blood.

The Hebrew word for mother is iya and corresponds to the Dravidian ka ayi, meaning mother.

There also is a correspondence between the names Ram/Rama, Kush/Kusha, Karnak/Karnataka, and Hari/Hori which are found in Vedic and Hebrew texts. Other places names include Orisha in Nigeria and Orissa in India.

In the Omotic languages of Ethiopia the word ganga is related to words meaning river. This likely is the source of the name of the Ganges River. Other words like sanga (“having limbs”) suggest the meaning of the intervocalic "ng" which in Sanskrit appears in words associated with tributaries, extensions, off-shoots, or limbs. 

The word "Har-appa" is comprised of two words. HR refers to the Most High One whose symbol was the Sun. Appa means "father" in Dravidian. Harappa speaks of the Most High as Father. This reflects the belief of the early Hebrew concerning God as father and suggests that their beliefs influenced the development of religious beliefs in the early Indus Valley.

Artifacts

Further evidence of the connection between the Nile and Indus Valley is demonstrated by comparing early Egyptian and Indus pottery inscriptions. Note that at least 17 figures are identical. These would have been used in trade between the two ancient civilizations.

Harappan artifacts are similar to those of the ancient Nile. The Indian archaeologist, B. B. Lal contends that the Dravidian artifacts reflect the pottery and structures of the Upper Nile Valley. Lal writes: "At Timos the Indian team dug up several megalithic sites of ancient Nubians which bear an uncanny resemblance to the cemeteries of early Dravidians which are found all over Western India from Kathiawar to Cape Comorin. The intriguing similarity extends from the subterranean structure found near them. Even the earthenware ring-stands used by the Dravidians and Nubians to hold pots were identical." 

Various sciences confirm an early Nile-Indus connection: DNA studies, linguistics, archaeology, and anthropology. Michael Petraglia (University of Cambridge) and his team found stone tools at Jwalapuram in Andhra Pradesh in southern India. These were above and below a thick layer of ash from the Toba super eruption (74,000 years ago). Petraglia noted that the tools found in southern India are like those from the African Middle Stone Age about 100,000 years ago. He states, “Whoever was living in India was doing things identical to modern humans living in Africa.”

DNA research has shown that there have been two major migrations into India in the last 10,000 years. One originated from the Zagros region in south-western Iran between 7,000 and 3,000 B.C. The Zagrosian herders mixed with the earlier inhabitants of the subcontinent, descendants of the Out of Africa migrants who had reached India around 65,000 years ago. Together, they went on to create the Harappan civilization.

The German archaeologists Friedrichs and Muller identified some of the skulls of Mohenjo-Daro as "Hamitic." The term "Nilotic" would be more accurate.

Paleontologists B.K. Chatterjee and G.D. Kumer reported in "Comparative Study and Racial Analysis of the Skeletal Remains of the Indus Valley Civilization" that the 18 Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa skulls that they examined are "similar to skulls from Nubia during the third to second Millennium B.C." (See Wayne Chandler: "The Jewel in the Lotus: The Ethiopian Presence in the Indus Valley Civilization" in African Presence in Early Asia, Ivan Van Sertima et. a1. eds., 1985 p. 87)

Similar Symbolism

Common images that appear at Hindu shrines and temples include trees of life from which water flows, trees with serpents, and phallic pillars that represent the potency of the Creator. 

Some old Hindu fire altars were constructed in the shape of a falcon. The falcon was the totem of Horus (HR), the son of the High God. This explains why the Shulba Sutras state that "he who desires heaven is to construct a fire-altar in the form of a falcon."

B. B. Lal noted that originally there were seven fire altars at Kalibangan. The number seven represented fullness and heavenly blessing among the Harappans as it did for the biblical Hebrew. In Jewish weddings the Sheva Brachot (seven marriage blessings) are recited under the huppah and the wedding feast lasts 7 days. Among the Agharias of Orissa, India, the wedding begins with the bride’s father delivering a bracelet and seven small earthen bowls to the bride. The bride is seated in the open, and seven women hold the bowls over her head one above the other. Water is poured from one bowl into the other, each being filled in turn and the whole finally falling over the bride's head. The bowls of water represent the blessings from above by which the High God overcame the demonic forces that inhibited life on earth by withholding water. The bride is then bathed and carried in a basket seven times round the marriage-post, after which she is seated in a chair and seven women place their heads together round her while a male relative winds a thread seven times round the heads of the women.

It appears that the early Hebrew ruler-priests spread the Proto-Gospel concerning God Father and God Son. In the Axial Age, their faith degraded into polytheism and the proliferation of numerous world religions, including Hinduism and Judaism.

Related reading: Belief in the High God; The Oldest Known Religion; Understanding the Axial Age; Elements of the Messianic Faith in Early Hinduism; Why Nekhen is Anthropologically Significant

Elements of the Messianic Faith in Early Hinduism

Alice C. Linsley

Hinduism has many layers that developed over time. As a religion, Hinduism reached its zenith in the Axial Age (900-200 BC). Today there are at least 10 Hindu schools of thought. However, at the earliest level, the Vedic texts reveals the influence of the Horite Hebrew who moved into the Indus River Valley. The earliest known site of Horite Hebrew worship, Nekhen on the Nile, dates to 3800 BC.

The earliest civilization of the Indus Valley is that of Harappa (2500–1700 BC). In Dravidian Harappa means "Horus is father." This stone relief is at Agkhor Wat. It shows Horus in the form of his falcon totem perched on the mast of Ra's solar boat. The etiology of Anghor Wat is also telling. Wat means village, town, settlement, or shrine. Anghor is ankh-Hor which means "Long live Horus!"

In Mannika's best-known work, "Angkor Wat: Time, Space and Kingship" she argues that the dimensions, alignment, and bas-reliefs of Angkor Wat speak of Suryavarman II as the divinely appointed king.

The idea of a universal king who is divinely appointed to rule is much older than Angkor Wat. It is found in the oldest layers of Hindu thought. The Sanskrit word cakravartin and the Pali word cakkavattin refer to a righteous king who rules over the entire world. His "messianic" rule is called sar-vabhauma. From Africa to Nepal the words sar and sarki refer to rulers and priests. The Akkadian word "sar" means king. This is the root of the royal title Sar-gon, which means High King or King of Kings. Nimrod's Akkadian name was Šarru-kīnu, which is usually translated “the true king.”

Messianic expectation appears to have originated among the Horite Habiru (Hebrew), a priest caste that served in the temples and shrines of the archaic world. The Habiru were in the service of the "mighty men of old" (Genesis 10), the early kingdom builders like Nimrod. Nimrod was a Kushite kingdom builder (Genesis 10:8) and the language of his territory was Akkadian.

At its earliest levels of development, Hinduism is older than Judaism, but not older than the Hebrew faith. The Rig Veda, the oldest Vedic text dates to between 1900 and 1200 BC, after the time of Abraham the Hebrew. Judaism emerges closer to 700 BC. The term "samhita" refers to the most ancient layer of text in the Vedas. Parts of the Vedic Samhitas constitute the oldest layer of Hindu tradition and include material that resembles Horite Hebrew concepts.

In the Rig Veda, for example, the number seven is sacred, and the Word of God is called Speech and is described as "a loving wife, finely robed." She resembles the Wisdom of Sirach (Ecclesiasticus), personified as a female (Sirach 24:8). In Sirach, Wisdom declares that she “came forth from the mouth of the Most High” as the first-born before all creatures.

In Srimad Bhagavatam 10:16 we find a parallel to Genesis 3:15 where we are told that the serpent's head will be crushed under the feet of the Woman's Son. The Hindu text reads: "The Ancient Man danced on the serpent, who still spewed poison from his eyes and hissed loudly in his anger, and he trampled down with his feet whatever head the serpent raised, subduing him calmly..." (Cited in Andrew Wilson, Ed. World Scriptures, p. 449.)

The same idea is found in Psalm 91:12-13 - "They will bear you up in their hands, that you do not strike your foot against a stone. You will tread upon the lion and cobra, the young lion and the serpent you will trample down."

However, this expectation was expressed about 1000 years before Psalm 91 in the Pyramid Texts. "Horus has shattered (tbb, crushed) the mouth of the serpent with the sole of his foot (tbw)" (Utterance 388)

Scholars from India acknowledge the Nile-Indus connections. The Indian archaeologist, B. B. Lal contends that the Dravidians came from the Upper Nile (Nubia/Kush). Lal writes:

"At Timos the Indian team dug up several megalithic sites of ancient Nubians which bear an uncanny resemblance to the cemeteries of early Dravidians which are found all over Western India from Kathiawar to Cape Comorin. The intriguing similarity extends from the subterranean structure found near them. Even the earthenware ring-stands used by the Dravidians and Nubians to hold pots were identical."

The Indian historian and anthropologist Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan has written: "We have to begin with the Negroid or Negrito people of prehistoric India who were the first human inhabitants. Originally they would appear to have come from Africa through Arabia and the coastlands of Iran and Baluchistan."

The Indian scholar Malati J. Shendge has concluded that the language of the Harappans of the Indus Valley was Akkadian, the language of the territory of Nimrod the Kushite. The Bible scholar, E.A. Speiser, found that names taken to be Indo-European were often labeled "Hurrian" [Horite] only to be identified eventually as Akkadian. The Horites were widely dispersed and spoke the languages of the people among whom they lived. Thus scholars today use terms like Hurro-Akkadian, Hurro-Urartian, and Canaano-Akkadian.

The Indian linguist Ajay Pratap Singh explains,"Comparisons of Akkadian and Sanskrit words yielded at least 400 words in both languages with comparable phonetic and semantic similarities. Thus Sanskrit has, in fact, descended from Akkadian."

Related reading: The Ra-Horus-Hathor Narrative; The Horite High Places; Who Were the Sumerians?; The Substance of Abraham's Faith; Horite Names From Nuzi (2700-2500 BC); The Shrine City of Nekhen

Identifying the Horite Hebrew?

Horus unites the peoples.

Alice C. Linsley

The Horite Hebrew were a caste of ruler-priests who were devotees of God Father and God Son. The father was called Ra or Ani, and the son was called Horus or Enki. Horus comes from the ancient Egyptian HR which refers to the Most High One.

The word Hebrew is derived from the ancient Akkadian word abru, meaning priest. Variant forms of the word appear in ancient texts including 'Apiru, Habiru, and Hapiru. The word is rendered "Hebrew" in English Bibles. These people are the oldest known caste of ruler-priests. (In the ancient Egyptian language nibit piru means "lady of the house.")

In Akkadian the word for a caste of priests was abrutu. In the ancient world, there were many castes of priests. They were identified by the deity they served, and that deity was believed to have appointed the ruler in whose realm the priests served. The Horite Hebrew served Re, which simply means "father of..." in ancient Egyptian. Re was the father of Horus who was miraculously conceived by Hathor. The name Horus is derived from the root HR, which means the One on high. Related Egyptian words include her, meaning over or above; horiwo - head, and hir - praise.

The earliest known references to this the Hebrew are found in ancient Sumerian cuneiform tablets and ancient Egyptian literature. The Habiru are mentioned in the Amarna Letters, a collection of 14th century B.C. letters. The Harris papyrus also speaks of the 'Apriu of Ra at Heliopolis (biblical On), a prestigious ancient Sun city. Joseph married Asenath, the daughter of the High Priest of On. Isaiah 19:18 says that Heliopolis was one of the five cities in Egypt that swore allegiance to the Lord of Hosts.

Plutarch wrote that the “priests of the Sun at Heliopolis never carry wine into their temples, for they regard it as indecent for those who are devoted to the service of any god to indulge in the drinking of wine whilst they are under the immediate inspection of their Lord and King. The priests of the other deities are not so scrupulous in this respect, for they use it, though sparingly.”

The Hebrew priests were unique in the ancient world and greatly respected. Therefore, they were sought as servants of the early high kings who constructed palaces and royal temple complexes at what the Bible terms "high places."

The Hapiru served in the ancient Sun temples and shrines. These were build at high elevations near major sources of water. A temple was the mansion (hâît) or the house (pirû) of the god, so Ha'piru refers to those who served at the god's house. The ancient Dravidians referred to their East-oriented temples as Opiru, meaning "Sun House."

The Habiru priests were to meet certain requirements while on duty. They wore only linen or clothing made from plants. Clothing made from animals was not permitted. This is one of the differences between the priest and the shaman. They shaved their heads and bodies daily. Cold water baths were taken several times a day. They practiced sexual abstinence before and while serving at the temple or shrine.

Evidence of the religious devotion and ubiquitous presence of the Horite Hebrew is reflected in the many place names that are associated with Horus: Haryana means "Horus is the vehicle." Harappa means "Horus is Father" in Dravidian. In southern India, it was the custom to build temporary fire altars in the shape of a falcon, the totem of Horus. According to the Shulba Sutras, this is the sign for those who desire heaven: "he who desires heaven is to construct a fire-altar in the form of a falcon."

Because the "piru" housed the deity, only the priest was permitted to enter the most sacred area of the temple. The people prayed at the gate or in the court. They directed their prayers toward the rising Sun, the emblem of the Creator and his Son. Their ruler-priest acted as a mediator between the people and God.

The Hebrew ruler-priest caste of was dispersed widely in the service of the Mighty Men of Old (Gen, 10) before the time of Abraham. These are the first known potentates or High Kings. Among them were the Kushite kingdom builder Nimrod who began his building projects in Sumer and then in Northern Mesopotamia under the authority of his father-in-law Asshur. (Just Genesis: Nimrod's Sumerian Wife)

The priests of Ani/Enki (Mesopotamian) or Ra/Horus (Nilotic) were identified as Horite Hebrew. They spread their devotion to the son of God across the ancient world. This is long before the emergence of Judaism as a world religion.

In the ancient Egyptian Pyramid Texts and Coffin Texts fascinating details are found about Horus. He was said to be co-equal with the Father, and to die and rise on the third day. Horus was conceived by the overshadowing of the Sun. That is shown in this image of his mother, Hathor. She appears to foreshadow the Virgin Mary. According to Luke 1, Mary conceived by divine overshadowing.

Hathor, the mother of HR, shown overshadowed by the Sun, the symbol of the High God.

The offspring of the Woman of Genesis 3:15 is called the "Seed." Some argue that Jesus never claimed to be the Messiah, the Son of God. However, he identified himself as the Seed when he told his disciples that he was going to Jerusalem to die. "The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified. I tell you the truth, unless a kernal/grain/seed of wheat falls into the ground and dies, it remains only a single seed. But if it dies, it produces many seeds." (John 12:23)

The Messianic expectation of Genesis 3:15 was expressed about 1000 years before the Psalms in the ancient Pyramid Texts. "Horus/HR has shattered the mouth of the serpent with the sole of his foot." (Utterance 388) Also see Utterance 378: "The sandal of Horus/HR is what tramples the snake underfoot."

Consider how Horus describes himself in the ancient Egyptian Coffin Texts (148):

I am Horus, the great Falcon upon the ramparts of the house of him of the hidden name. My flight has reached the horizon. I have passed by the gods of Nut. I have gone further than the gods of old. Even the most ancient bird could not equal my very first flight. I have removed my place beyond the powers of Set, the foe of my father Osiris. No other god could do what I have done. I have brought the ways of eternity to the twilight of the morning. I am unique in my flight. My wrath will be turned against the enemy of my father Osiris and I will put him beneath my feet in my name of ‘Red Cloak’. 

Here we find the words of Psalm 110:1, a clear messianic reference: The Lord says to my Lord: “Sit at My right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.”

Horus unites the peoples.This is why he is said to wear the double crown. "Then take silver and gold, and make crowns [ataroth], and set them on the head of Joshua the son of Josedech, the high priest..." Zechariah 6:11

The ruler-priest Yeshua (Joshua/Jesus) wears the double crown as a sign that he unites the peoples. The double crown was worn by the rulers of a united Nile Valley. The red crown (desher) represents Lower Nile (Egypt) and the white crown (nefer) represents Upper Nile (ancient Nubia). After the unification of the Upper and Lower Nile regions the two crowns were joined to represent a unified Egypt.

The early Hebrew (4000-2000 BC) were a ruler-priest caste that believed that heavenly recognition of a people depended on the righteousness of their ruler-priest. Therefore, purity of life was highly valued. The proof of heavenly recognition and acceptance was the resurrection of the dead ruler-priest on the third day.

The New Testament speaks about Jesus as the ruler-priest. He is the firstborn from the grave and by his resurrection He delivers to the Father a "peculiar people." He leads us in the ascent to the Father where we receive heavenly recognition because we belong to Him.

Heavenly recognition for the Horite Hebrew was never an individual prospect. Heavenly recognition came to the people through the righteousness of their ruler-priest. Horite Hebrew rulers took this seriously, some more than others. The best were heavenly minded and the worst were so earthy minded that they shed much blood enlarging their territories. All failed to be the Ruler-Priest who rose from the dead. Therefore, none have the power to deliver captives from the grave and to lead them to the throne of heaven (Ps. 68:18; Ps. 7:7; Eph. 4:8). The evidence of a long-standing Tradition points to the Son of God, Jesus, who alone fits the pattern of Messianic expectation.

Related reading: The Hebrew Were a Caste; The Substance of Abraham's Faith; Horite and Sethite Mounds, Abraham's Habiru Ancestors; Righteous Rulers and the Resurrection; Sun Cities of the Ancient World