Alice C. Linsley
I am writing as a pioneer in the emerging science of
Biblical Anthropology, an empirical approach to the canonical Scriptures that
avoids denominational interpretations. A biblical anthropologist studies the
Scriptures to identify anthropologically significant data that clarifies the
cultural contexts of ancient biblical populations, and especially the social
structure of the biblical Hebrew. This interdisciplinary approach considers
kinship patterns, morphological study of human fossils, DNA studies, data about
the migration of ancient populations, burial practices, and sacred symbols.
Biblical Anthropology is rigorous in that no assertion can
be made without data and no assumption can stand untested. Anthropological data
in the Scriptures can lead to a better understanding of the origin of the
Messianic Faith among Abraham’s ancestors, shine light on contextual
incongruities, and uncover antecedents of beliefs and practices. Where did the
idea originate that humans were created from the soil? What is the origin of
Messianic expectation? Where is the oldest known site of Hebrew worship? What
is the significance of the ubiquitous solar symbolism among biblical
populations?
Biblical Archaeology and Biblical Anthropology are
complementary disciplines. The archaeologist digs artifacts to gain a better
understanding of the material culture of populations associated with the Holy
Land. The Biblical Anthropologist digs data out of the Bible to better
understand the cultures and social patterns of biblical populations from Africa
to Europe. The skill sets of the two disciplines are different, but they share
a common objective to gain greater clarity.
I see a great deal of pseudo-science and half-truths among
anthropologists who disdain religion in general and Christianity in particular.
Their scholarship is like a map out of which numerous holes have been cut. Is
it any wonder that so few anthropologists are people of faith? In the
universities they are never shown the whole map. They miss the paths that lead
to verification of the core Christian beliefs and the veracity of Scripture.
Yet anthropology has much to offer to the Church and to those
to read the Bible. A principle in anthropological investigation states that the
older culture traits, symbols, and beliefs are those found most widely
dispersed globally. Expectation of a righteous ruler who would die and rise
from the grave and lead his people to immortality was held by the Hebrew
(Akkadian: Abrutu) ruler-priests 6000 years ago. They spread this belief
wherever they dispersed in the service of kingdom builders like Nimrod. This
means that their belief in bodily resurrection is central to the oldest known
religion.
Young Earth Creationists consistently ignore anthropological
data because it shows that humans have been around for millions of years. By
insisting that the Earth is only 6000-8000 years, Young Earth Creationists deny
the weighty evidence that God was laying the ground among archaic human
populations for the Messianic Faith that would eventually be fulfilled in
Jesus.
The hope for immortal life is evident in the widespread, archaic practice of burial in red ocher, a symbolic blood covering.
Red ocher was used 300,000 years ago at site GnJh-03 in the Kapthurin Formation of East Africa, and at Twin Rivers in Zambia.
Red ocher
burials dating to 100,000 year ago have been found at the Qafzeh Cave in Lower
Galilee.
A man buried at La Chapelle-aux-Saints in southern France
was buried in red ocher 45,000 years ago.
A man was buried in red ocher in Paviland Cave, Wales 35,000
years ago.
Four bodies were buried in red ocher at Sungir in Russia
32,000 years ago.
A man was buried in red ocher in Goat's Hole Cave in Wales 27,000 years ago.
The "Fox Lady" of Doini Vestonice, Czechoslovakia,
was buried in red ocher 26,000-23,000 years ago. Around the same time, Lake Mungo Woman
(LM1) was cremated and her remains were sprinkled with red ocher in Australia.
A man buried in Bavaria was buried with mammoth tusks and submerged in red ocher 20,000 years ago. Around the same time, a lady was buried in Paviland, Wales in red ocher.
A woman was buried in red ocher in El Mirón Cave in Northern Spain 19,000 years ago.
A young child was buried in red ocher 11,000 years ago in Alaska.
The global nature of the practice of red ocher burial
tells us that it is extremely old. It suggests that God has been pointing
humanity to the Christ event for many thousands of years.
The Bible asserts that life is in the blood. That is true in terms of human biology and it is true in a metaphysical sense. The Blood covering that brings immortality has been revealed. Christians are to make this evident to the world. We cannot do that if we deny the facts or obfuscate the truth.
Related reading: Artifacts of Great Antiquity; On Blood and the Impulse to Immortality, The Age of the Earth and the Evidence of Human Occupation; Genesis and Inerrancy; Righteous Rulers and the Resurrection; Oldowan Culture of Archaic Humans 2.6 Million Years Ago
I am excited by this new approach. I look forward to learning from it. In recent years lot of new sources have opened up to us as tools for looking into these things, not the least of which is DNA sequencing. I am refreshed to gain a way to see the vast millennia contained in the archaeological record. As well. We exist in a very very old universe, created, sustained and ruled by our God the Holy Trinity.
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